Nationality by residence

Naturalisation by residence allows acquisition of Portuguese nationality after several years of continuous legal residence. Under Organic Law 1/2026 (in force since 19 May 2026), the periods were increased: EU/EEA and CPLP citizens need 7 years of legal residence; all others need 10 years. The period runs from the issue of the first valid residence permit. Applications submitted to the IRN by 18 May 2026 are processed under the previous 5-year regime.

New integration requirements include: Portuguese language knowledge of at least A2 level (presumed for CPLP citizens); knowledge of Portuguese culture, history and national symbols; a declaration of adherence to democratic principles; and proof of financial self-sufficiency. Convictions carrying prison sentences of 3 or more years for terrorism or crimes against state security are a bar.

Applications are submitted to the IRN (Institute of Registries and Notaries). Administrative processing typically takes 12 to 24 months. Portuguese nationality confers EU citizenship, free movement in the EU, and access to a Portuguese passport.

This area has recently changed significantly. Confirm the periods and requirements applicable to your case before starting.